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CVE-2026-14541

HIGH 8

Published 2026-07-31 · Last modified 2026-07-31

An authentication bypass and audience confusion vulnerability exists in the Google OAuth provider component of Google mcp-toolbox version 1.4.0. When a Google authService is initialized with mcpEnabled: true but lacks an explicitly defined audience or clientId, the ValidateMCPAuth pipeline for opaque tokens skips audience validation entirely. As a result, the toolbox will accept any valid Google OAuth access token—even those minted for unrelated ecosystem applications—granting unauthorized clients access to protected tools and data backends.

ELEVATED IMPACT

Severe if exploited (CVSS 8), but no known exploitation and low modeled probability. Patch on a normal cadence.

Exploitation likelihood

0.2%chance of exploitation in 30 days · 15th percentile

○ In CISA KEV ○ Public exploit / PoC

Impact if exploited

8CVSS 4.0 · HIGH

  • ConfidentialityHigh
  • IntegrityHigh
  • AvailabilityNone

What an attacker needs

  • Access: Reachable over the network — no local access needed
  • Privileges: No account or privileges required
  • User interaction: No user interaction needed
  • Complexity: No special conditions — reliably repeatable
  • Requirements: No special attack requirements

✓ lowers the bar for an attacker · ⚠ raises it

Proof of concept & exploit code

Test against your own equipment

curl -s https://vulnpedia.com/cve/CVE-2026-14541/poc.jsonMachine-readable PoC index for this CVE (for automation).

Listed for defensive triage, patch verification, and authorized testing on systems you own. Machine-readable: /cve/CVE-2026-14541/poc.json

Affected

Vendors Google

Products Mcp Toolbox Mcp Toolbox For Databases

Weakness (CWE)

  • CWE-287: (Improper Authentication)

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

Known Affected Software Configurations

VendorProductVersion range
GoogleMcp Toolbox For Databases1.4.0

All CVSS metrics

  • HIGH 8 v4.0 · CNA Primary
    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U
  • HIGH 8 v4.0 · NVD Secondary
    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
  • HIGH 7.5 v3.1 · NVD Primary
    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

References

Patches & mitigations

Sources: NVD · CVE.org · EPSS